Japan is preparing to introduce a new online entry authorization system, similar to the U.S. ESTA, with the goal of strengthening immigration checks and improving how the country manages short-term visitors. The system, tentatively called JESTA (Japan Electronic System for Travel Authorization), is scheduled to begin in fiscal 2028.
What Is JESTA?
Under JESTA, travelers from about 71 countries and regions who are currently exempt from short-term visas will need to apply online before boarding a flight to Japan. Authorities will screen applications to check for:
- Previous immigration violations in Japan
- Criminal records or security risks
- History of failed refugee or residency applications
Only those who receive approval will be allowed to enter. The government has also indicated that the program may later extend to sea arrivals.
Why Is Japan Making This Change?
The Ministry of Justice explained that the new policy is part of broader efforts to:
- Reduce the number of people overstaying visas or remaining illegally in Japan (about 2,100 people had confirmed deportation orders at the end of 2024).
- Strengthen border security while keeping travel smooth for the majority of visitors.
- Process refugee applications more efficiently, addressing international criticism that Japan accepts very few asylum seekers.
Similar systems already exist in countries like the United States, Canada, and New Zealand, with the European Union set to launch its own in 2026.
Support and Concerns
While officials argue JESTA will make Japan safer and reduce illegal stays, some experts are cautious. Researchers like Naoko Hashimoto (International Christian University) note that:
- Many people who become “illegal residents” don’t come from visa-exempt countries—meaning JESTA may not solve the core issue.
- Government messaging could stir unnecessary fear about foreigners, even though crime statistics among foreign nationals haven’t significantly changed in recent years.
- Tougher refugee screenings may unintentionally push more people into irregular status.
What About Refugee Applications?
Japan has been criticized for its strict refugee policies. In recent years, refugee cases were divided into categories, with “Case B” applications considered clearly ineligible. However, watchdogs say that many applications have been redirected into vague categories, raising questions about transparency.
The government now plans to fast-track “problematic” applications into Case B, making it harder for people with weak claims to stay. At the same time, deportations will be more strictly enforced, with increased funding for immigration officers to escort deportees back home.
What This Means for Foreign Visitors and Workers
For most short-term travelers, JESTA will simply mean one extra online step before entering Japan—similar to what many other countries already require. But for those considering longer stays (study, work, or residency), this move highlights Japan’s continued effort to balance welcoming foreign talent with strict immigration control.
